Conductivity is a measure of a substance's electrical conductivity, indicating the ability of an electric current to pass through a substance per unit length or unit volume. The higher the conductivity, the more conductive the substance is. TDS refers to the total amount of dissolved solid matter in water, including dissolved inorganic salts, organic matter and suspended solids. Usually expressed in mg/L or ppm. Salinity refers to the concentration of dissolved salts in water. A commonly used unit of salinity is salinity‰, which represents the mass of salt per thousand parts of water. Resistivity refers to the resistance of a substance to the passage of electric current and is the reciprocal of resistance. The greater the resistivity, the greater the material's resistance to electrical current. The unit of resistivity is Ohm·m. In the process of drinking water treatment, real-time monitoring of the conductivity value is required in stages such as raw water treatmen…